Computer type & their Generation
What is computer----
Classification of computer
Computer are classified in three type-
- 1. Analog Computer
- 2. Digital Computer
- 3. Hybrid Computer
Analog Computer- These computer measure the physical magnitude that is mostly used in medical science & scientific engineering. This type of computer works on continous data values such as temperature, pressure, voltage, speed and many other things. These computer do not directly operate on number.
Ex- Thermameter, Speedometer, Analog Clock, Analog weighting machine.
Digital Computer- Digital computers are the most common & used computer based on binary numbers(0 & 1). They posses certain characteristics & abilities that are particular to them. If you have to calculate the pressure of body or something similar then this kind of technology is very useful to you.
Ex- Digital Thermameter, Digital Speedometer, Digital Clock, Digital weighting machine, Desktop(Personal Computer), ATM Machine(Automatic Teller Machine), Mobile.
Hybrid Computer(Analog + Digital)- A computer that have both characterstics (digital & analog) are known as hybrid computer.
Ex- Pressure Machine, Tablet, Dispensur Machine( On Petrol pump), Modem, Setup Box.
Types of Digital Computer
Digital computers can be classified in these types-
- 1. Micro Computer
- 2. Mini Computer
- 3. Mainframe Computer
- 4. Super Computer
- 5. Quantum Computer
Micro Computer- It is a smallest general purpose. The proccessor that is used in it is too small, because of that this type of computer are known as micro computer. It is further classified in personal computer (PC) & Home computer.
Main frame Computer-- This has a large processor, multiuser device & multitasking. All high language programming languages can be used over it.
Super Computer-- Super computer are very powerful & expensive computers. Only few organization are using super computer such as- NASA, ISRO, Whether department, Oil & Gas exploration etc.
Cray Research( Brand name: CRAY) & Control data corporation (Brand name: CYBER) are two primary builder of super computer in Ameraica.
In India, Central for devlopment on Advance computing(C-DAC), pune has devloper supercomputer "PARAM".
- CRAY-I is the worlds first supercomputer(In 1976).
- PARAM-8000 is the worlds first supercomputer(In 1991).
- Japan's Fugaku supercomputer is one of the fastest super computer.
Before this Japan's supercomputer Fujitsu Fugaku was the world's fastest computer.
Click here for read more about Quantum Computer.
Generation of computer
Charles Babbage invented Analytical engine & Difference engine where he used memory for storing. This was the starting of a new era of computer field. Because of that Charles Babbage is known as the father of computer.
UNIVAC-I was the first ever made commercial computer. Full form of UNIVAC is- Universal Automatic Computer, developed by J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly.
Changes were also seen in the computer over time. These changes are knoen as generation. There ar mainly five generation of computer.
First Generation(1946-1959)-- Computers of first generation are mainly used for calculation. In these computer Vacuum Tubes were in use. Vacuum tubes were very larg in shape & they generate lots of heat. They are also very expensive.
Second Generation(1959-1965)-- In this generation, makers use Transistors that make computer faster to first generation. Now computers are capable to operate other functions. They are also big in size & expensive.
Third generation(1965-1970)-- In this generation, IC's(Integrated Chips) were in use. They make computer faster. These computers were used in scientific, commercial, programming and other functions. Programming languages COBOL, FORTRAN, BASICS are used in this era. There was significant change of size & cost of these computer.
Fourth Generation(1970-1980)-- This generation is known as VLSI(Very Large Scale Integration) techonology. Here makers use a micro processor in computers. The size & cost was lesser than third, second, first generation computers.
Fifth Generation(1980-NOW)-- This generation is known as ULSI( Ultra Large Scale Integation) technology. In this generation we are using AI (Artificial Intelligence). Now computers can use thier own IQ(Programming) for solving problem. These computers are also called knowledge Information Processing system.
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